Remote-processing BASIC for the CX-10 Modbus Manuale Utente

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDEiCOPYRIGHTCopyright 2009 - Remote Processing Corporation.All rights reserved.The software described in this manual is furnished

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-1BASIC-52 COMMANDS & FUNCTIONSABSSyntax: ABS(expr)Where:expr= any number in Basic's rangeFunction: Returns the absol

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-2ASCSyntax: ASC(ASCII character)ASC(string,position expr)Where:ASCII character= number from 0 to 255string= any valid string

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-3ATNSyntax: ATN(expr)Where:expr= value between 0 and PI/2Function: Returns a trigonometric arc-tangent ofexpr. Returned resul

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-4CBYSyntax: CBY(expr)Where:expr= address from 0 to 65535Function: Reads internal program codeMode: Command, runUse: PRINT CBY

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-5CHRSyntax: CHR(expr)CHR(string,position)Where:expr= number from 0 to 255string= string variableposition= 1 to length of stri

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-6CLEARCLEAR SSyntax: CLEARCLEAR SFunction: Sets variables to zero, clears stacksMode: Command, runUse: CLEARCLEAR SDESCRIPTIO

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-7The above example shows that ONTICK continues to run after a CLEAR statement but variables are cleared.If a program error we

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-8CLEAR TICKSyntax: CLEAR TICK(timer)Where:timer= 0 to 3Function: Resets specified tick timerMode: Command, RunUse: CLEAR TICK

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-9CONTSyntax: CONTFunction: Continue program execution after a STOP or Command-CMode: CommandUse: CONTDESCRIPTIONCONT resumes

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-10COSSyntax: COS(expr)Where:expr= numeric value up to ±200,000Function: Returns the trigonometric cosine ofexprwhich is in ra

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDEiiTABLE OF CONTENTSPREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1MANUAL CONVENTIONS . . . . . . . . .

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-11CRSyntax: PRINT CR,Function: Used with PRINT. Sends a carriage return without a line feed.Mode: Command, runUse: PRINT CR,D

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-12DATASyntax: DATAexpr[,expr,...]Where:expr= numeric data.Function: It is an expression list used by READ.Mode: RunUse: DATA

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-13DBYSyntax: A=DBY(expr)DBY(expr)=variableWhere:expr= 0 to 255variable= 0 to 255Function: Read/write internal data memory.Mod

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-14DIMSyntax: DIMname(size)[,name(size)...]Where:name= Any valid variable namesize= 1 to 255 elementsFunction: Reserves storag

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-15DO-UNTILSyntax: DO{program statements}UNTILrelational exprWhere:relational expris any logical evaluation such as =, <, &

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-16DO-WHILESyntax: DO{program statements}WHILE {relationalexpr}Function: Executes {program statements} while {relationalexpr}

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-17ENDSyntax: ENDFunction: Terminates program execution and returns to command mode.Mode: RunUse: 65000 ENDDESCRIPTIONThe END

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-18EXPSyntax: EXP(expr)Function: Raises "e" (2.71828) to the power ofexprMode: Command, runUse: PRINT EXP(COS(1))DES

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-19FOR-TO-STEP-NEXTSyntax: FORvariable=initial index exprTOindex limit expr[STEPstep expr]program statementsNEXT [variable]Whe

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-20EXAMPLEThe following example gets characters as a result of a modbus query command and prints out the data.rem loop to get

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDEiiiU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71XBY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-21FREESyntax: FREEFunction: Returns the bytes of available in program RAMMode: Command, runUse: PRINT FREEDESCRIPTIONFREE ret

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-22GETSyntax: A = GETA = GET(n)Where:N = com port number 0, 1, 2, 3 See card for specificsFunction: Gets character from buffer

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-23GOSUBSyntax: GOSUBline number...line numberprogram statementsRETURNFunction: Transfers program control to the specifiedline

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-24GOTOSyntax: GOTOline numberFunction: Routes program execution toline numberMode: Command, runUse: GOTO 100DESCRIPTIONWhenli

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-25IF THEN ELSESyntax: IFexpr[ THEN ]statement(s)[ ELSEstatement(s)]Where:expr= any logical evaluation or variablestatement(s)

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-26INPUTSyntax: INPUT ["prompt text"] [,] [,variable...]Where:prompt text= optional textvariable= list of variables

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-27INTSyntax: INT(expr)Function: Returns an integer portion ofexprMode: Command, runUse: PRINT INT(PI)DESCRIPTIONThe integer p

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-28LD@Syntax: LD@exprWhere:expr= valid integer address of 00H through 0FFFFH (65535)Function: Retrieves a floating-point numbe

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-29LENSyntax: LENFunction: Returns length of the current program in RAMMode: CommandUse: PRINT LENDESCRIPTIONThe LEN function

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-30LISTSyntax: LISTLISTline numberLISTline number - line numberWhere:line numberis a program line numberFunction: Prints all o

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE1-1PREFACEThis programming guide is for Remote ProcessingCX-10 or similar controllers using a variation ofBASIC-52 language. It

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-31LOGSyntax: LOG (expr)Function: Returns the natural logarithm (base "e") ofexprwhich must evaluate to greater than

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-32MTOPSyntax: MTOPMTOP =last valid RAM addressFunction: Reads or assigns the top of external data memory which will be used b

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-33NEWSyntax: NEWFunction Erases current program in RAM. All variables and strings are cleared.Mode: CommandUse: NEWDESCRIPTIO

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-34NULLSyntax: NULLintegerWhere:integer= 0 -255Function: Sets number of NULL characters output to user after a carriage return

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-35ONERRSyntax: ONERRline numberFunction: Goes toline numberon arithmetic error, bad argument, and hardware errors.Mode: RunUs

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-36ON GOSUBSyntax: ONexprGOSUBline0[,line1[,line2...]]Where:expr= 0 to number of subroutines after GOSUBlinen = subroutine lin

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-37ON GOTOSyntax: ONexprGOTOline0[,line1[line2...]]Function: Branches to a program line based onexprvalue.valuate to greater t

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-38ONTICKSyntax: ONTICKtime,line numberWhere:time= time interval from 0.01 to 327line number= line to branchFunction: Calls su

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-39PISyntax: PIFunction: Stored constant 3.1415926Mode: Command, runUse: PRINT PIDESCRIPTIONPI is closer to 3.141592653, so pr

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-40POPSyntax: POPvariable [,variable,...]Function: Takes a value PUSHed to a stack and assigns it to the variable.Mode: Comman

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE1-2Basic InterpretersThere are several types and levels of interpreters. Aslow, very basic type of interpreter figures out what

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-41PH0.PH1.Syntax: PH0.exprPH1.exprWhere:expr= any mathematical expressionFunction: Print in hexadecimal format following the

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-42PRINTPRINT #,P.?Syntax: PRINTexprP.expr?exprPRINT#port,exprP.#port,expr?#port,exprWhere:expr= any string, mathematical numb

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-43PRINT #n,ID,16,start register,length,data,data,data...Where: n = modbus port number on board. This is usually 1 or 3 or bot

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-44PROGFPROGSyntax: PROGexprFPROG 0Where:expr= programming commandFunction: Clears or saves program to CPU flash and enables a

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-45PUSHSyntax: PUSHexpr1[,expr2,...]Where:expris a numeric valueFunction: Puts the value ofexprto the argument stack. The firs

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-46RAMSyntax: RAMFunction: Enter RAM mode, usually from ROM.Mode: CommandUse: RAMDESCRIPTIONCommand instructs the OS to exit R

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-47READSyntax: READvariable[,variable, ...]Function: Sequentially assigns the values of data provided in the DATA statement to

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-48REGREADSyntax: REGREAD(register)Function: Return value from a modbus registerMode: Command, runUse: PRINT REGREAD(1)100 A =

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-49REGWRITESyntax: REGWRITEaddress,dataFunction: Write a value to a modbus registerMode: Command, runUse: REGWRITE 7033,nDESCR

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-50REMSyntax: REMany ASCII textFunction: Allows remarks in a program or on command lineMode: Command, runUse: 100 REM You can

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE1-3Downloading a program requires transmitting anASCII file. As you type in (or download) a line,Basic tokenizes that line. The

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-51RESTORESyntax: RESTOREFunction: Resets the READ instruction pointer to the beginning of the DATA list.Mode: RunUse: RESTORE

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-52RETISyntax: RETIFunction: Return from ONITR or ONTICK interrupt. RETI must be the last instruction of the interruptsubrouti

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-53RETURNSyntax: RETURNFunction: Returns program to next instruction following a GOSUB command or software interrupt (ON LINE,

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-54RNDSyntax: RNDFunction: Returns a pseudo-random fractional number between zero and one inclusive.Mode: Command, runUse: A=R

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-55ROMSyntax: ROMnWhere:n= rom number slot to loadFunction: Enters ROM stored in CPU flash memory.Mode: CommandUse: ROMDESCRIP

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-56RROMSyntax: RROMnWhere:n= rom number slot to loadFunction: Runs specified ROM stored in CPU flash memory.Mode: Command, run

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-57SGNSyntax: SGN(expr)Function: Returns +1 ifexpris greater than zero, zero if theexprequals zero, and -1 ifexpris less than

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-58SINSyntax: SIN(expr)Function: Returns the trigonometric SINE ofexprwhich is assumed to be in radians. The value ofexprmust

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-59SPCSyntax: PRINT SPC(expr)Where:expr= number of spaces to printFunction: Sendsexprnumber of space characters (20H) from the

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-60STOPSyntax: STOPFunction: Breaks program execution; resume with the CONT command.Mode: RunUse: STOPDESCRIPTIONThe STOP inst

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE1-4Names are identified by the first and last charactersand its length. Identical length names with identicalfirst and last cha

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-61STRSyntax: A = STR(function,$(n)[,$(n)]))Where:function= 0 to 14, specifies string function to perform as described below.F

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-62Syntax: A = STR(3,$(n))Description:Returns numbers in a string as a real number. Similar to VAL in other Basics. Leading sp

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-63Syntax: A = STR(7,$(put),$(get),position,length)Description:Extracts a portion of a string from $(get) and transfers it ove

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-64Syntax: A = STR(10,$(n),format,variable)Description:Converts and formatsvariableinto a string and puts it into $(n). Variab

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-65STRINGSyntax: STRINGtotal bytes,string lengthWhere:total bytes= total number of bytes in memory to allocatestring length= m

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-66SQRSyntax: SQR(expr)Where:expris any valid mathematical expression, number, or variable greater than 0Function: Returns a p

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-67ST@Syntax: ST@exprWhere:expr= 0 to 65535Function: Takes a floating-point number from the argument stack and stores it to da

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-68TABSyntax: PRINT TAB(position)Where:position= 1 to 255Function: Specifies a column number at to begin printing.Mode: Comman

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-69TANSyntax: TAN(expr)Function: Returns the trigonometric tangent (sin/cos) ofexprwhich is assumed to be in radians.exprmust

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-70TICKSyntax: TICK(timer)Where:timer= 0 to 3. It specifies the timer number.Function: Returns a time from one of 4 process cl

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE1-5Each variable may have up to 255 elements (0 to254). Un-dimensioned arrays default to 11elements,variable(0) throughvariable

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-71USINGU.Syntax: PRINT USING (format)PRINT U.(format)Where:formatUSING(Fn) n is the number of significant digits. A minimum o

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE2-72XBYSyntax: XBY(addr)XBY(addr)=exprWhere:addr= 0 to 65535 (0FFFFH) is a memory addressexpr= 0 to 255 is data to saveFunction

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDEC-1APPENDIX A- ERROR MESSAGESThePBASIC-52 error processor helps identify errors.When running a program, error messages are expr

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDEC-2This example produces an expected error:?le-100/le28ERROR: ARITH. UNDERFLOWREADYThis example produces an incorrect exponent:

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDEC-3I-STACKThere is not enough internal stack space to evaluate an expression. Usually this is caused by an excessive numberof p

BASIC PROGRAMMING GUIDE1-6OPERATING MODESCommand and Run ModesBasic operates in two modes, Command and Run.Command mode is the direct, interactive mod